The micro-phasor measurement unit (PMU) is at less than 1 microsecond and substation LAN communication protocols have to be time-stamped at as low as 100 microseconds for GOOSE IEC 61850 and at 1 microsecond for IEC 61850 sample values. The syncrophaser now demands accuracy better than 1 microsecond.įor fault location, we’re now at 100 nanoseconds. In fact, they are shifting from legacy Network Timing Protocol (NTP) timestamping, which has millisecond accuracy needs, to Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) timestamping, requiring sub-microsecond accuracy. That is why accuracy requirements of data timestamping are tighter than ever. Without highly accurate timing and synchronization, power grids are vulnerable to partial outages and even complete blackouts. Precise timing is also key to rerouting power flows away from transmission outages, to locating power line faults, and for synchronizing distributed control and protection systems. Electric vehicles (EVs) are also becoming more common, and like all other nodes across the smart grid, charging points require precise timestamping of the massive amount of data they generate to balance power demand and supply. Energy from solar panels (microgrids), for example, can be generated by private individuals and either stored or fed back into the grid. The power grid has become a decentralized system and the flow of energy is now bidirectional. Today, many smaller producers are generating power from multiple sources. However, the growth in renewables and distributed energy resources has spurred diversification of the market, and a new paradigm of bidirectional AD and DC energy production and distribution has emerged: the smart grid. In the past, power networks were passive systems with everything simple and centralized, and with energy flowing in one direction only as AC power was provided to consumers. Utilities are a key example of infrastructure at risk. PNT systems are so vulnerable to the activities of cybercriminals that attacks may soon become global in scale and significance, with potential costs of billions of dollars. Power grids, financial markets, transportation, data centers, communications - all have become more complex and interconnected, while the threats to the PNT on which they depend have grown in frequency and sophistication. Today’s critical network infrastructure is heavily reliant on positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services. By Nino De Falcis, Senior Director of Business Development, ADVA
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